Role and Calculation of Air Changes per Hour in Clean Room Area : Pharmaguideline
  •   Pharmaguideline Courses Enroll Now
  • May 22, 2016

    Role and Calculation of Air Changes per Hour in Clean Room Area

    Determination of the air velocity in CFM and air changes per hour ACPH in pharmaceutical clean rooms and also know its requirements in different cleanroom classes like 100, 1000, 10000, 100000.
    Air changes in the pharmaceutical clean room play an important role in the maintenance of HVAC clean room quality. Air changes per hour are the number of total replacements of any room’s air in one hour.

    If the supply of the air by HVAC system in one hour is equal to the volume of the room then it will be one air change per hour. Rooms having 60 air changes per hour will have 60 times air supply then the volume of the room. FDA recommends maintaining the minimum 20 air changes per hour for clean rooms.

    Clean RoomHow to Calculate the Air Changes Per Hour (ACPH Formula):

    First of all, determine the velocity of the air below the HEPA filter in feet per minute. It is determined at the four corners and the center of the filter and the mean of the five readings are determined.
    V = (V1+V2+V3+V4+V5)
                         5
    V = Velocity observed at each point

    Now calculate the area of the filter by multiplying the length and width of the filter in feet.
    A = l x w
    l = length of HEPA filter
    w = width of HEPA filter

    Calculate the total air volume per minute supplied in the clean room by the following formula:
    T = A x V
    A = Area of HEPA filter in square feet
    V = Average air velocity in feet per minute

    Calculate the total air in the room multiplying the length, width and height of the room in feet.
    Volume = L x W x H

    Now we can calculate the Air Changes per hour using the following formula:
    Air Changes per Hour =    T X 60 
                                             Volume

    The requirement of number of air changes per hour for any clean room depends on the class of the room, number of personnel working in the area and frequency of access the room. Cleanliness of any clean room is maintained by the air changes per hour. More air changes per hour are required for the better clean room class than the lower one.


    More air changes per hour are required to maintain the area where dust is generated as in granulation and tablet compression areas. In these areas dust is to be removed in a short period, hence more air changes per hour are required.

    Following is the list of the air changes per hour in different classes of classified area.
    Cleanroom Class
    ISO Class
    Required Air Change per Hour
    100
    ISO 5
    240-480
    1,000
    ISO 6
    150-240
    10,000
    ISO 7
    60-90
    100,000
    ISO 8
    5-48
    Therefore the air changes per hour for chean room show the quality of the air in the cleanroom that helps the maintenance of the clean area quality.

    12 comments: Post Yours! Read Comment Policy ▼

    1. Air changes are not a requirement, they are a recommendation and are based on a rule of thumb. Air change rate alone is no guarantee for an effective air-flow in a clean room - depends on situation of supply and extract grids, number and activity of personnel,....

      ReplyDelete
    2. Air changes are not a requirement, they are a recommendation and are based on a rule of thumb. Air change rate alone is no guarantee for an effective air-flow in a clean room - depends on situation of supply and extract grids, number and activity of personnel,....

      ReplyDelete
    3. CAN U PLEASE TELL ME HOW TO CALCULATE THE CFM REQUIRED FOR A ROOM

      ReplyDelete
      Replies
      1. vol of room multiply by air change per houre divided by 60

        Delete
    4. CFM= Volume of room x ACH / 60
      Note: ACH means air changes in one hour

      ReplyDelete
    5. hi
      Can ACPH be calculated based on return Air(Exhaust air) in vegetative room. . specially for Pharmaceutical clean room.

      ReplyDelete
    6. my results is wrong . please hepl me
      size of duct 8.1 x 5.3 x 5.7
      velocity 0.4
      vloume of room 7564.5cubic feet
      please sort out my problem

      ReplyDelete
    7. How many filters in HVAC System & which Microns?

      ReplyDelete
    8. 3type filter use in HVAC system
      1-pre filter 10 micron
      2-fine/micro filter 5 micron
      3-hepa filter.3 micron

      ReplyDelete
    9. Dust collection design standard in Granulation and compact area

      ReplyDelete
    10. Won't we multiply in how many filtres we got in the room ? For exemple we got 9 filtres, so the equation be like : ACH = Tx9x60/volume ?

      ReplyDelete
    11. Do you have to consider the air supplied and the returns or just the supply?

      ReplyDelete

    Please don't spam. Comments having links would not be published.


    Popular Categories

    QA SOPs QC SOPs Micro SOPs HVAC Production SOPs Stores SOPs Checklists Maintenance SOPs HPLC Sterile GLP Validation Protocols Water System GDP Regulatory Maintenance Calibration Warning Letters Education B.Pharmacy
    Online Courses


    Follow Pharmaguideline



    DOCUMENTS

    PHARMACEUTICAL DOCUMENTS




    Editable Pharmaceutical Documents in MS-Word Format. Ready to use SOPs, Protocols, Master Plans, Manuals and more...

    View


    adsbypg


    GET APP FOR NEWS UPDATES


    Android App